There are a number of models that have attempted to explain why people with Parkinson disease move slowly. In this Perspective, Williams identifies the inconsistencies in these models and suggests that these may be addressed by a different model that considers disordered information transmission as fundamental to slow movement development.

The prefrontal cortex is critical for working memory, over a timescale of seconds. In this Review, Miller and Constantinidis examine how the prefrontal cortex facilitates the integration of memory systems across other timescales as well. In this framework of prefrontal learning, short-term memory and long-term memory interact to serve goal-directed behaviour.

In this Journal Club, Danqian Liu describes the 1953 paper that reported the discovery of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.

Recent advances in the development of gene therapy tools provide hope that these approaches might modulate the altered gene expression that characterizes many CNS disorders. Gao et al. provide an overview of current gene therapy strategies, highlighting the interdependence of therapeutic modality, delivery vehicle and administration route for translational success.

A new modelling method developed in male Drosophila melanogaster maps how populations of neurons transform visual stimuli into courtship behaviours without recording neural activity.

A study maps the effects of ageing and sex on gene regulation in specific human cortical cell types.

The maladaptive reward learning associated with morphine administration is shown here to be mediated by changes in dopamine-release dynamics in reward circuitry resulting from increased myelination specifically in the ventral tegmental area.

In this Journal Club, Danqian Liu describes the 1953 paper that reported the discovery of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.