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This Review examines conventional epitaxial growth of 2D van der Waals materials, focusing on in-plane single-crystal monolayer growth and out-of-plane homostructure fabrication. It covers nucleation and orientation control, quality control measures, and homogeneous multilayer and twisted homostructure growth techniques, providing systematic insights for on-demand fabrication of 2D van der Waals materials and their industrial device manufacturing.
This Review explores adopting 2D semiconductors to overcome the scaling bottleneck of Si-based electronics. Recent trends and potential approaches for the development of 2D materials as a channel are discussed. Following this, the prerequisites, obstacles and feasible technologies for integrating contacts and gate dielectrics with 2D semiconductor-based channels are examined. The Review also provides an industrial perspective towards facilitating monolithic 3D integration.
This Review provides a framework for processing multidimensional vision information at the sensory level and illustrates the working mechanisms as well as design principles of hardware implementations.
Nanocarrier delivery has huge potential in agriculture; however, there are significant scientific and societal barriers to overcome. In this Review, the authors explore the state of the field, what lessons can be learned from nanomedicine, and discuss what scientific and societal issues need to be addressed.
This Review highlights the current understanding of mechanisms underlying the mechanical changes occurring in diseased and immune cells and discusses new approaches to leverage and target biomechanical cues for immune engineering at various length scales for therapeutic interventions.
The Review discusses the state-of-the-art polymer nanocomposites from three key aspects: dipole activity, breakdown resistance and heat tolerance for capacitive energy storage applications.
Nanoparticles naturally accumulate in the liver; this can be a major limitation to any therapy needing delivery to other organs or tissues. Here the authors review the reason for predominant liver uptake and explore different strategies used to target non-viral gene delivery nanoparticles to other organs and tissues.
This Review analyses the mechanisms of light extraction from perovskite light-emitting diodes and suggests new approaches towards ultrahigh electroluminescence efficiencies.
This Review discusses the latest theoretical progress related to exceptional points in non-Hermitian physics and the associated implications for emerging technologies in nanophotonics.
This Review highlights the role of transition metal dichalcogenides, hexagonal boron nitride and stacked heterostructures in applications in quantum communication, computation, sensing and single-photon detection.
This Review presents the most recent ferroelectric materials with wurtzite structure and emphasizes applications in memory and storage-based microelectronic hardware.
This critical Review discusses the molecular sieving behaviour of metal–organic framework and covalent organic framework membranes as thin supported layers and mixed-matrix membranes. This behaviour is different from that of classical zeolite membranes.
This Review discusses how a comprehensive system for defining nanomaterial descriptors can enable a safe-and-sustainable-by-design concept for engineered nanomaterials.