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Featured
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News |
Moths catch the wind to speed migration
Understanding how insects travel might help to predict pest invasions.
- Janet Fang
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Research Highlights |
Evolutionary anthropology: Baby-like bonobos
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News |
Why spider webs glisten with dew
Two driving forces acting on wet spider silk help it to capture water.
- Janet Fang
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News |
A softer ride for barefoot runners
People who run long distances without shoes cushion the blow with their gait.
- Lizzie Buchen
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News & Views |
Barefoot running strikes back
Detailed analyses of foot kinematics and kinetics in barefoot and shod runners offer a refined understanding of bipedalism in human evolution. This research will also prompt fresh studies of running injuries.
- William L. Jungers
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Letter |
Foot strike patterns and collision forces in habitually barefoot versus shod runners
Although humans have engaged in long-distance running either barefoot or with minimal footwear for most of human evolutionary history, the modern running shoe was not invented until the 1970s. Here, runners who habitually run in sports shoes are shown to run differently to those who habitually run barefoot, with the latter often landing on the fore-foot rather than the rear-foot. This strike pattern may have evolved to protect from some of the impact-related injuries now experienced by runners.
- Daniel E. Lieberman
- , Madhusudhan Venkadesan
- & Yannis Pitsiladis
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Letter |
A bony connection signals laryngeal echolocation in bats
Echolocation is usually associated with bats. Many echolocating bats produce signals in the larynx, but a few species produce tongue clicks. Here, studies show that in all bats that use larynx-generated clicks, the stylohyal bone is connected to the tympanic bone. Study of the stylohyal and tympanic bones of a primitive fossil bat indicates that this species may have been able to echolocate, despite previous evidence to the contrary, raising the question of when and how echolocation evolved in bats.
- Nina Veselka
- , David D. McErlain
- & M. Brock Fenton
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Letter |
Animal cryptochromes mediate magnetoreception by an unconventional photochemical mechanism
Animals use the Earth's magnetic field for orientation but the biophysical basis of this is unclear. The light-dependent magnetic sense of Drosophila melanogaster was recently shown to be mediated by the cryptochrome (Cry) photoreceptor; here, using a transgenic approach, the type 1 and 2 Cry of the monarch butterfly are shown to both function in the magnetoreception system of Drosophila, and probably use an unconventional photochemical mechanism.
- Robert J. Gegear
- , Lauren E. Foley
- & Steven M. Reppert
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Research Highlights |
Biology: Snakes face the heat
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News |
Parasitic larva ditches doomed host
A cunning insect detects when its host is under threat from predators to make a timely escape.
- Lucas Laursen
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News |
Monkeys go out on a limb to show gratitude
Altruistic behaviour in primates relies on reciprocity.
- Janelle Weaver
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News |
Frogs' secret disposal system revealed
Talented amphibians urinate foreign objects implanted in their body cavities.
- Brendan Borrell