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Rolling stock being discharged in Normandy from SS Twickenham Ferry
Rolling stock being discharged in Normandy from SS Twickenham Ferry

American transportation in the Siegfried Line campaign of World War II played a crucial part in the military logistics of the campaign between September and December 1944. The Germans attempted to delay the Allied advance by denying access to ports and demolishing communications. Cherbourg was the only deep-water port in northwest Europe in Allied hands, and it had been badly damaged. Insufficient port capacity caused a backlog of ships awaiting discharge in European waters, precipitating a global shipping crisis. Additional capacity was obtained by opening Rouen, Le Havre and Antwerp. Port clearance then became a bottleneck. Motor transport was used until the railways could be brought back into service. Antwerp was subject to attack from German V-weapons, so it was considered unwise to unload ammunition there. The German Ardennes offensive in December threatened Antwerp and the depot areas around Liège, but by the year's end preparations were under way for the final assault on Germany. (Full article...)

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John McCaffary House
John McCaffary House

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Landslide in Ubatuba, Brazil
Landslide in Ubatuba, Brazil

On this day

February 23: The Emperor's Birthday in Japan (1960)

Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima
Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima
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Physalis peruviana

Physalis peruviana, also known by various names including the cape gooseberry or the Peruvian groundcherry, is a species of plant in the nightshade family (Solanaceae) native to Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Known to be cultivated in the Inca Empire, the plant has been grown in England since the late 18th century and the region around the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa since at least the start of the 19th century. It is now cultivated or grows wild across the world in temperate and tropical regions. This photograph shows the P. peruviana fruit, which is a round, smooth berry 1.25 to 2 cm (12 to 34 in) wide. It is bright yellow to orange in color and sweet when ripe, with a characteristic, mildly tart grape-like flavor.

Photograph credit: Ivar Leidus

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