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Pa (Mongolic)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Pa is a letter of related and vertically oriented alphabets used to write Mongolic and Tungusic languages.[1]: 549–551 

Mongolian language

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Pa
The Mongolian script
Mongolian vowels
a
e
i
o
u
ö
ü
(ē)
Mongolian consonants
n
ng
b
(p)
q/k
γ/g
m
l
s
š
t
d
č
ǰ
y
r
(w)
Foreign consonants
Letter[2]: 12, 15, 17, 23 [3]: 546 [4]: 212–213 
p Transliteration[note 1]
ᠫ‍ Initial
‍ᠫ‍ Medial (syllable-initial)
Medial (syllable-final)
(‍ᠫ) Final[note 2]
C-V syllables[6]: 46 
pa, pe pi po, pu , Transliteration
ᠫᠠ ᠫᠢ ᠫᠣ ᠫᠥ᠋ Alone
ᠫᠠ‍ ᠫᠢ‍ ᠫᠣ‍ ᠫᠥ‍ Initial
‍ᠫᠠ‍ ‍ᠫᠢ‍ ‍ᠫᠣ‍ Medial
‍ᠫᠠ ‍ᠫᠢ ‍ᠫᠣ Final
  • Transcribes Chakhar /p/;[7][8] Khalkha //.[9]: 40–42  Transliterated into Cyrillic with the letter п.[6][5]
  • Only at the beginning of Mongolian words (although words with an initial p tend to be foreign).[10]: 5 [11]: 27 [7]
  • Galik letter, derived from Mongolian b.[12]: 35 
  • Produced with P using the Windows Mongolian keyboard layout.[13]
  • In the Mongolian Unicode block, p comes after b and before q/k.

Clear Script

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Xibe language

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Manchu language

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Notes

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  1. ^ Scholarly transliteration.[5]
  2. ^ Not found in native Mongolian words.

References

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  1. ^ "The Unicode Standard, Version 14.0 – Core Specification Chapter 13: South and Central Asia-II, Other Modern Scripts" (PDF). www.unicode.org. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
  2. ^ Poppe, Nicholas (1974). Grammar of Written Mongolian. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-00684-2.
  3. ^ Daniels, Peter T.; Bright, William (1996). The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-507993-7.
  4. ^ Bat-Ireedui, Jantsangiyn; Sanders, Alan J. K. (2015-08-14). Colloquial Mongolian: The Complete Course for Beginners. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-30598-9.
  5. ^ a b "Mongolian transliterations" (PDF). Institute of the Estonian Language. 2006-05-06.
  6. ^ a b Skorodumova, L. G. (2000). Vvedenie v staropismenny mongolskiy yazyk Введение в старописьменный монгольский язык (PDF) (in Russian). Muravey-Gayd. ISBN 5-8463-0015-4.
  7. ^ a b "Mongolian Traditional Script". Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Mongolian Language Site. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
  8. ^ "Writing – Study Mongolian". Study Mongolian. August 2013. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
  9. ^ Svantesson, Jan-Olof; Tsendina, Anna; Karlsson, Anastasia; Franzen, Vivan (2005-02-10). The Phonology of Mongolian. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-151461-6.
  10. ^ "Mongolian / ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ Moŋġol" (PDF). Institute of the Estonian Language. 2015-12-27.
  11. ^ Janhunen, Juha A. (2012). Mongolian. John Benjamins Publishing. ISBN 978-90-272-3820-7.
  12. ^ Janhunen, Juha (2006-01-27). The Mongolic Languages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-79690-7.
  13. ^ jowilco. "Windows keyboard layouts - Globalization". Microsoft Docs. Retrieved 2022-05-16.