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Influenza A viruses pose a continuing pandemic threat to humans. Le Sage, et al. describe a pandemic triage pipeline to evaluate the pandemic risk of emerging viruses and utilize it to characterize two widespread swine influenza A viruses.
Severe pediatric malaria remains a concern in many countries. Here, the authors use an individual-based modeling approach to evaluate the relationship between malaria prevalence and incidence of malaria pediatric hospitalizations, and show how unsteady transmission patterns affect hospitalization rates.
A WHO report suggests the terms ‘airborne transmission/inhalation’, ‘direct deposition’ and ‘infectious respiratory particles’ for describing transmission modes, highlighting the continuum of particle size with greatest exposure near the source. The report did not update infection control guidelines.
Carolina Rosadas explains why we need more research investigating human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infections, and why more public visibility is needed for those affected.
This Comment article highlights the progress that has been made over the past 40 years since the discovery of HIV, and discusses the commitment needed to end the HIV/AIDS epidemic and the ongoing challenges.
Whole-genome sequencing of Clostridioides difficile from a densely sampled intensive care unit (ICU) population showed that many of these patients harbor toxigenic C. difficile. This carriage did not lead to high levels of cross-transmission but was associated with a greatly increased risk of developing clinically overt C. difficile infection.