Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Down to Business
  • Published:

Five journeys from nanotechnology research to successful products in the water industry

Nanotechnology-based semipermeable membranes have been actively studied for their potential application in the production of clean water. Fundamental nanotechnology research has been turned into award-winning water industry products.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Fig. 1: Nanotechnology-enabled treatment of fouling wastewater and fouling groundwater.
Fig. 2: A process flow diagram illustrating the process-level value proposition enabled by NX Filtration’s dNF membranes at the Dumai drinking water plant.

References

  1. Directorate-General for Research and Innovation. EU R&I contribution to the UN 2023 Water Conference. European Commission (21 March 2023); https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/news/all-research-and-innovation-news/eu-ri-contribution-un-2023-water-conference-2023-03-21_en

  2. $220 million funding allocated to drive new initiatives in water technologies and resource circularity under RIE2025. National Environment Agency (8 March 2022); https://www.nea.gov.sg/media/news/news/index/220-million-funding-allocated-to-drive-new-initiatives-in-water-technologies-and-resource-circularity-under-rie2025

  3. Department of Energy selects National Alliance for Water Innovation to Lead Energy-Water Desalination Hub. US Department of Energy (23 September 2019); https://www.energy.gov/articles/department-energy-selects-national-alliance-water-innovation-lead-energy-water

  4. Jeong, B.-H. et al. J. Membrane Sci. 294, 1–7 (2007).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. 2023 Global Water Awards (Global Water Intelligence, 2023); https://globalwaterawards.com/2023-table/

  6. Nijhuis Industries and NX Filtration test one-stage nanofiltration plant for groundwater treatment in Philippine city. Waterforum (11 February 2020); https://www.waterforum.net/nijhuis-industries-en-nxf-filtration-testen-eentraps-nanofiltratie-installatie-voor-grondwaterbehandeling-filipijnse-stad/

  7. Sterling, T. Dutch water purifier NX Filtration seeks up to $201 mln in IPO. Reuters (31 May 2021); https://www.reuters.com/article/nx-filtration-ipo-idUKL2N2NJ08Y

  8. PSP.US, Inc. acquires assets of PolyCera, Inc. and pledges commitment to future of company and its advanced membrane products. PR Newswire (15 July 2020); https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/pspus-inc-acquires-assets-of-polycera-inc-and-pledges-commitment-to-future-of-company-and-its-advanced-membrane-products-301094005.html

  9. CrossTek Water Technology. Crosstek has recently acquired Znano products expanding and strengthening our ESG offering. LinkedIn (23 November 2022); https://www.linkedin.com/posts/crosstek-membrane-technology_crosstek-leadingtechnologies-waterindustry-activity-7006236479408463872-pP9C/?originalSubdomain=uk

  10. ZwitterCo transforms performance and economics for industrial wastewater reuse with $33 million Series A funding. ZwitterCo (15 September 2022); https://zwitterco.com/news/breakthrough-technology-transforms-performance-and-economics-for-industrial-wastewater-reuse/

  11. Wachinski, A. M. Membrane Processes for Water Reuse (McGraw Hill, 2013).

  12. McCloskey, B. D. et al. J. Membrane Sci. 413–414, 82–90 (2012).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. McVerry, B. T. et al. Chem. Mater. 25, 3597–3602 (2013).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. de Grooth, J., Reurink, D. M., Ploegmakers, J., de Vos, W. M. & Nijmeijer, K. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 6, 17009–17017 (2014).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Abed-Amoli, A. et al. Biomimetic membrane coatings for >2x higher flux wastewater treatment using forward osmosis, microfiltration and ultrafiltration. In 2014 Membrane Technology Conference (AWWA AMTA MTCE, 2014).

  16. Bengani, P., Kou, Y. & Asatekin, A. J. Membrane Sci 493, 755–765 (2015).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. NanoH2O, Inc. secures over $60 million in equity and debt financing. Business Wire (30 April 2012); https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20120430005758/en/NanoH2O-Inc.-Secures-Over-60-Million-in-Equity-and-Debt-Financing

  18. NanoH2O acquired by LG Chem. PR Newswire (12 May 2014); https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/nanoh2o-acquired-by-lg-chem-258855911.html

  19. Agnihotri, D., Sambasivam, S., Barelli, J. & Aghajani, M. Fouling Resistant NanoSTACK Membrane Coating for High Efficiency Brackish Water Desalination: Field Validation Data (AWWA AMTA MTCE, 2023).

  20. Hurwitz, G. et al. Desalin. And Water Treat. 111, 39–47 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Cortez, M. et al. Bioinspired Nanoceramic Polymeric Ultrafiltration Membranes for the Treatment of Mid Stream Produced Water (United States Bureau of Reclamation’s Brackish Groundwater National Desalination Research Facility WIN Workshop, 2021).

  22. Kurth, C., Burk, R., Green Improved Seawater Desalination with Nanocomposite Membranes (AWWA AMTA MTCE, 2010).

  23. Gerard, R. Dumai Drinking Water Plant from Surface Water (NX Filtration, 1 April 2022).

  24. Roy, C. et al. Driving high recoveries in water reuse applications with novel, zwitterionic membranes. In IWC 22-13 (Engineers Society of Western Pennsylvania International Water Conference, 2022).

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank D. Agnihotri for conversations regarding his involvement in the commercial development of Nanostack. The authors would like to thank A. Asatekin for conversations regarding her involvement in the commercial development of ZwitterCo.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Adrian M. Brozell.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

A.M.B. holds a position at LG Water Solutions, a membrane manufacturer. J.d.G. holds a position at NX Filtration, a membrane manufacturer. E.M.V.H. does not have any competing interests.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Brozell, A.M., de Grooth, J. & Hoek, E.M.V. Five journeys from nanotechnology research to successful products in the water industry. Nat Water 2, 392–396 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s44221-024-00244-3

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s44221-024-00244-3

Search

Quick links

Nature Briefing Anthropocene

Sign up for the Nature Briefing: Anthropocene newsletter — what matters in anthropocene research, free to your inbox weekly.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing: Anthropocene