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PHP is a scripting language for creating websites.

JavaScript is a lightweight, object-oriented, cross-platform scripting language, often used within web pages.

Adobe Flash (by Adobe Systems, formerly Shockwave Flash and Macromedia Flash and now part of Adobe Animate CC) is a multimedia platform for adding animation and interactivity to web pages.

jQuery is a JavaScript library that simplifies HTML document traversing, event handling, animating and Ajax interaction. Originally developed by John Resig.

Tengine is an open source web server based on Nginx and originated by Taobao.

Nginx (pronounced as "engine X") is a lightweight open source web server developed by Igor Sysoev.

Alibaba a Chinese e-commerce and cloud computing company.

China Telecom (China Telecommunications Corporation) is a Chinese state-owned telecommunication company.

China Unicom (formerly China Netcom) is a Chinese telecom operator, also offering web hosting services.

CenturyLink is a multinational communications company headquartered in USA, owned by Lumen. This includes its subsidiaries CenturyTel, Savvis, Qwest, Embarq and the former brand Level 3.

Alibaba a Chinese e-commerce and cloud computing company.

China Telecom (China Telecommunications Corporation) is a Chinese state-owned telecommunication company.

China Unicom (formerly China Netcom) is a Chinese telecom operator, also offering web hosting services.

Akamai is a content delivery network. This includes the former brand Instart Logic.

DigiCert is an SSL certificate authority. This includes Verizon, whose Enterprise SSL Business has been acquired by DigiCert.

Baidu Analytics (Tongji) is a web analytics service by Baidu.

Umeng is a Chinese provider of online web traffic statistics, formerly operating under the name CNZZ.

Baidu Promote is the advertising network of the Chinese web services company.

The Weibo Share Button enables website visitors to share content on the Chinese Weibo microblogging site.

The Baidu Share button allows website visitors to share content to various social networking services.

External Cascading Style Sheets define style rules in a separate CSS file.

Embedded Cascading Style Sheets define a set of style rules in a <style> element within a web page.

Inline Cascading Style Sheets define style rules directly within an (X)HTML element using the style attribute.

Session cookies are temporary cookies, which are deleted when the user closes the browser.

Persistent cookies with an expiration time between 1 and 10 years.

Non-HttpOnly cookies are used in the HTTP protocol and also in client side scripts, which may be a security threat.

Non-secure cookies may be used via an unencrypted connections, which may be a security threat.

Gzip (GNU zip) is a file compression algorithm.

A strong ETag is an HTTP header field for validation of cached web pages, that indicates a byte-for-byte identical page in the cache.

A weak ETag is an HTTP header field for validation of cached web pages, that indicates a semantically equivalent page in the cache.

The Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) provides amongst others a vastly larger address space than the preceding version 4. We consider a website to support IPv6 if a 128-bit address is assigned to it, regardless of the content delivered at that address.

HTTP/2 is the second major version of the HTTP network protocol.

HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) defines a mechanism enabling web sites to declare themselves accessible only via secure connections.

The websites redirects visitors to its www subdomain, e.g. from example.com to www.example.com.

The websites redirects visitors to use SSL encryption, e.g. from http://example.com/ to https://example.com/.

The Open Graph protocol, originally developed by Facebook, is an RDFa-based format that enables any web page to become a rich object in a social graph.

Generic RDFa (Resource Description Framework in attributes) is RDFa without further specialization.

HTML5 is the fifth revision of the HTML standard.

Transitional version of XHTML.

Transitional version of HTML.

UTF-8 (8-bit Unicode Transformation Format) is a variable-length character encoding for Unicode, which is backwards compatible with ASCII.

GB2312 is a character encoding system for simplified Chinese characters. GB2312 has been superseded by GBK and GB18030.

PNG (Portable Network Graphics) is a lossless compression image format, suitable to store graphics with uniformly colored areas, and originally introduced as a free, open-source successor of GIF.

JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) is a lossy compression method suitable to store photographic images.

GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) is a lossless compression image format, originally introduced by CompuServe and suitable to store graphics, logos and simple animations.

Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is an XML-based vector image format.

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