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Ardem Patapoutian

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Ardem Patapoutian
Born1967 (age 56–57)
Beirut, Lebanon
EducationAmerican University of Beirut
University of California, Los Angeles (BS)
California Institute of Technology (MS, PhD)
Known forresearch of PIEZO1, PIEZO2, TRPM8 receptors
AwardsNobel Prize in Medicine (2021)
Scientific career
FieldsMolecular biology, neuroscience
InstitutionsScripps Research
ThesisThe role of the MyoD family genes during mouse development (1996)
Doctoral advisorBarbara Wold

Ardem Patapoutian (Armenian: Արտեմ Փաթափութեան; born 1967)[1] is an American molecular biologist, neuroscientist, and Nobel Prize laureate.[2] He is known for his work in characterizing the PIEZO1, PIEZO2, and TRPM8 receptors that detect pressure, menthol, and temperature. Patapoutian is a neuroscience professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator at Scripps Research in La Jolla, California. In 2021, he won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine jointly with David Julius.[3]

Early life

Patapoutian was born to an Armenian family in Beirut, Lebanon.[2][4][5] His father, Sarkis Patapoutian (better known by the pen name Sarkis Vahakn), is a poet and an accountant,[6] while his mother, Haykuhi Achemian, was the principal of an Armenian school in Beirut. He has a brother, Ara, and a sister, Houry.[7] He is childhood friends with journalist and author Vicken Cheterian.[8] He attended Demirdjian and Hovagimian, two Armenian schools in Beirut.[8] He enrolled at the American University of Beirut for a year before emigrating to the United States in 1986.[5][9] He received a B.S. degree in cell and developmental biology from the University of California, Los Angeles in 1990 and a Ph.D. degree in biology from the California Institute of Technology in 1996 under direction of Barbara Wold.[10][5][11]

As a postdoctoral fellow, Patapoutian worked with Louis F. Reichardt at the University of California, San Francisco.[12] In 2000, he became an assistant professor at the Scripps Research Institute.[13] Between 2000 and 2014, he had an additional research position for the Novartis Research Foundation.[14] Since 2014, Patapoutian has been an investigator for the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI).[11]

Personal life

Patapoutian, a naturalized US citizen,[5] lives in Del Mar, California with his wife Nancy Hong, a venture capitalist, and son, Luca.[15][16][17][18]

Research

Patapoutian's research is into the biological receptors for temperature and touch (nociception).[3] The knowledge is used to develop treatments for a range of diseases, including chronic pain.[19] The discoveries made it possible to understand how heat, cold and mechanical forces trigger nerve impulses.[19]

Patapoutian researches the signal transduction of sensors. Patapoutian and co-workers inactivated genes.[20] In this way, they identified the gene, that made the cells insensitive for touch.[20] The channel for the sense of touch was called PIEZO1 (transl. pressure).[20] Through its similarity to PIEZO1, a second gene was discovered and named PIEZO2.[21] This ion channel, the more important of the two mechanoreceptors, is essential for the sense of touch.[21][22] PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 channels have been shown to regulate additional important physiological processes including blood pressure, respiration and urinary bladder control.[21]

Patapoutian also made significant contributions to the identification of novel ion channels and receptors that are activated by temperature, mechanical forces or increased cell volume.[23][24] Patapoutian and co-workers were able to show that these ion channels play an outstanding role in the sensation of temperature, in the sensation of touch, in proprioception,[25] in the sensation of pain and in the regulation of vascular tone. More recent work uses functional genomics techniques to identify and characterize mechanosensitive ion channels (mechanotransduction).[13][26][27][28]

Awards and honors

Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021: Discovery of TRPV1 and PIEZO2

Patapoutian has an h-index of 68 according to Google Scholar,[29] and of 63 according to Scopus[30] as of May 2020. He has been a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science since 2016, a member of the National Academy of Sciences since 2017 [31] and of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences since 2020.[32]

In 2017, Patapoutian received the W. Alden Spencer Award,[33] in 2019 the Rosenstiel Award,[34] in 2020 the Kavli Prize for Neuroscience,[35] and the BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in Biology / Biomedicine.[36]

In 2021, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine jointly with David Julius for their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch.[3][37][38]

In October 2021 President of Lebanon Michel Aoun awarded Patapoutian the Lebanese Order of Merit.[39]

In December 2021, Patapoutian received the American Academy of Achievement’s Golden Plate Award presented by Awards Council member Frances Arnold.[40]

Selected publications

PIEZO1 + PIEZO2

  • Coste, B.; Mathur, J.; Schmidt, M.; Earley, T. J.; Ranade, S.; Petrus, M. J.; Dubin, A. E.; Patapoutian, A. (September 2, 2010). "Piezo1 and Piezo2 Are Essential Components of Distinct Mechanically Activated Cation Channels". Science. 330 (6000). American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS): 55–60. Bibcode:2010Sci...330...55C. doi:10.1126/science.1193270. ISSN 0036-8075. PMC 3062430. PMID 20813920.[20]
  • Coste, Bertrand; Xiao, Bailong; Santos, Jose S.; Syeda, Ruhma; Grandl, Jörg; Spencer, Kathryn S.; Kim, Sung Eun; Schmidt, Manuela; Mathur, Jayanti; Dubin, Adrienne E.; Montal, Mauricio; Patapoutian, Ardem (February 19, 2012). "Piezo proteins are pore-forming subunits of mechanically activated channels". Nature. 483 (7388). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 176–181. Bibcode:2012Natur.483..176C. doi:10.1038/nature10812. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 3297710. PMID 22343900.

PIEZO2

References

  1. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021". NobelPrize.org. January 10, 2022. Retrieved January 11, 2022.
  2. ^ a b Ahlander, Johan; Burger, Ludwig (October 4, 2021). "Two Americans win Medicine Nobel for work on heat and touch". Reuters. Archived from the original on October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  3. ^ a b c "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  4. ^ "Americans Julius and Patapoutian win 2021 Nobel Prize in Medicine". The Indian Express. October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  5. ^ a b c d "Scripps Research neurobiologist Ardem Patapoutian elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences". Scripps Research. April 30, 2020. Archived from the original on March 10, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  6. ^ Braidy, Nour (October 12, 2021). "Ardem Patapoutian: The journey of a boy from Beirut who won the Nobel Prize". L'Orient-Le Jour. Archived from the original on November 6, 2021.
  7. ^ "Նոբելյան մրցանակ է շնորհվել հայազգի գիտնական Արտեմ Փաթափությանին". sci.am (in Armenian). National Academy of Sciences of Armenia. October 6, 2021. Archived from the original on October 28, 2021.
  8. ^ a b Taryan, Mari (October 5, 2021). "Արտեմ Փաթափությանի մանկությունը՝ բասկետբոլի եւ պատերազմի արանքում". mediamax.am (in Armenian). Archived from the original on November 8, 2021.
  9. ^ "Nobel Prize for AUB alumnus and former student Ardem Patapoutian". American University of Beirut. October 5, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  10. ^ Patapoutian, Ardem (1996). The Role of the MyoD Family Genes During Mouse Development (Ph.D. thesis). California Institute of Technology. OCLC 35966904. ProQuest 304282071.
  11. ^ a b "Ardem Patapoutian". www.kavliprize.org. March 12, 2021. Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
  12. ^ "Scripps Research neuroscientist Ardem Patapoutian receives 2021 Nobel Prize in Physiology". Scripps Research. October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  13. ^ a b "Ardem Patapoutian". Scripps Research. Archived from the original on February 2, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  14. ^ "Medizin-Nobelpreis für Entschlüsselung des Taststinns". tagesschau.de (in German). October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 6, 2021.
  15. ^ Robbins, Gary (December 9, 2021). "Del Mar's Ardem Patapoutian receives Nobel Prize during special ceremony in Irvine". Del Mar Times. The San Diego Union-Tribune. Archived from the original on December 9, 2021.
  16. ^ Robbins, Gary (November 7, 2021). "San Diego's Ardem Patapoutian experiences the dizzying, fragile joy of winning the Nobel Prize". The San Diego Union-Tribune. Archived from the original on December 25, 2021. ...Patapoutian and his wife, venture capitalist Nancy Hong...
  17. ^ "Nobel Prize Laureate Finds Out He Won While in Bed, Check Out Viral Picture Here". The Quint. October 5, 2021. Archived from the original on October 5, 2021.
  18. ^ "New medicine laureate Ardem Patapoutian and his son Luca, watching the #NobelPrize press conference shortly after finding out the happy news". Twitter. The Nobel Prize. October 4, 2021. Archived from the original on December 25, 2021.
  19. ^ a b "Medizin-Nobelpreis – US-Forscher David Julius und Ardem Patapoutian ausgezeichnet". Deutschlandfunk (in German). April 15, 2019. Archived from the original on October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  20. ^ a b c d "Nobel Prize in Medicine Awarded to David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian". The New York Times. October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  21. ^ a b c "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021". NobelPrize.org. October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  22. ^ a b "Medizin-Nobelpreis: Wie Nervenzellen Temperaturen und Berührungen erkennen". Deutsches Ärzteblatt (in German). October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  23. ^ Syeda, Ruhma; Qiu, Zhaozhu; Dubin, Adrienne E.; Murthy, Swetha E.; Florendo, Maria N.; Mason, Daniel E.; Mathur, Jayanti; Cahalan, Stuart M.; Peters, Eric C.; Montal, Mauricio; Patapoutian, Ardem (January 28, 2016). "LRRC8 Proteins Form Volume-Regulated Anion Channels that Sense Ionic Strength". Cell. 164 (3): 499–511. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.12.031. ISSN 1097-4172. PMC 4733249. PMID 26824658.
  24. ^ Qiu, Zhaozhu; Dubin, Adrienne E.; Mathur, Jayanti; Tu, Buu; Reddy, Kritika; Miraglia, Loren J.; Reinhardt, Jürgen; Orth, Anthony P.; Patapoutian, Ardem (2014). "SWELL1, a Plasma Membrane Protein, Is an Essential Component of Volume-Regulated Anion Channel". Cell. 157 (2). Elsevier BV: 447–458. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.03.024. ISSN 0092-8674. PMC 4023864. PMID 24725410.
  25. ^ Woo, Seung-Hyun; Lukacs, Viktor; de Nooij, Joriene C; Zaytseva, Dasha; Criddle, Connor R; Francisco, Allain; Jessell, Thomas M; Wilkinson, Katherine A; Patapoutian, Ardem (November 9, 2015). "Piezo2 is the principal mechanotransduction channel for proprioception". Nature Neuroscience. 18 (12). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 1756–1762. doi:10.1038/nn.4162. ISSN 1097-6256. PMC 4661126. PMID 26551544.
  26. ^ "Piezo channels in mechanotransduction: Sensory biology to disease – Ardem Patapoutian". Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute. December 17, 2019. Archived from the original on October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  27. ^ Syeda, Ruhma; Xu, Jie; Dubin, Adrienne E; Coste, Bertrand; Mathur, Jayanti; Huynh, Truc; Matzen, Jason; Lao, Jianmin; Tully, David C; Engels, Ingo H; Petrassi, H Michael; Schumacher, Andrew M; Montal, Mauricio; Bandell, Michael; Patapoutian, Ardem (May 22, 2015). "Chemical activation of the mechanotransduction channel Piezo1". eLife. 4. eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd. doi:10.7554/elife.07369. ISSN 2050-084X. PMC 4456433. PMID 26001275.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  28. ^ Murthy, Swetha E.; Dubin, Adrienne E.; Patapoutian, Ardem (October 4, 2017). "Piezos thrive under pressure: mechanically activated ion channels in health and disease". Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology. 18 (12). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 771–783. doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.92. ISSN 1471-0072. PMID 28974772. S2CID 20977908.
  29. ^ Ardem Patapoutian publications indexed by Google Scholar Edit this at Wikidata
  30. ^ "Patapoutian, Ardem". scopus.com. Scopus. Archived from the original on October 4, 2021.
  31. ^ "Ardem Patapoutian". www.nasonline.org. Archived from the original on June 3, 2020. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
  32. ^ "Members Elected in 2020". American Academy of Arts & Sciences. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
  33. ^ "The Thirty-Ninth Annual W. Alden Spencer Award and Lecture". Kavli Institute for Brain Science. June 4, 2020. Archived from the original on December 27, 2020. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
  34. ^ "Lewis S. Rosenstiel Award for Distinguished Work in Basic Medical Research". www.brandeis.edu. Archived from the original on June 15, 2021. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
  35. ^ "2020 Kavli Prize in Neuroscience". www.kavliprize.org. March 12, 2021. Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
  36. ^ "Fundación BBVA". FBBVA. Archived from the original on January 30, 2021. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
  37. ^ "Armenian President congratulates Ardem Patapoutian on winning the Nobel Prize in Medicine". Public Radio of Armenia. October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  38. ^ "Armenian President congratulates Ardem Patapoutian on winning the Nobel Prize in Medicine". Public Radio of Armenia. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  39. ^ "Nobel prize winner Ardem Patapoutian awarded Lebanese Order of Merit". The National. October 6, 2021. Archived from the original on October 8, 2021.
  40. ^ "Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement". www.achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement.
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