1660
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 1660 by topic |
|---|
| Arts and science |
| Leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Works category |
| Gregorian calendar | 1660 MDCLX |
| Ab urbe condita | 2413 |
| Armenian calendar | 1109 ԹՎ ՌՃԹ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6410 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1581–1582 |
| Bengali calendar | 1067 |
| Berber calendar | 2610 |
| English Regnal year | 11 Cha. 2 – 12 Cha. 2 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2204 |
| Burmese calendar | 1022 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7168–7169 |
| Chinese calendar | 己亥年 (Earth Pig) 4357 or 4150 — to — 庚子年 (Metal Rat) 4358 or 4151 |
| Coptic calendar | 1376–1377 |
| Discordian calendar | 2826 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1652–1653 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5420–5421 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1716–1717 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1581–1582 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4760–4761 |
| Holocene calendar | 11660 |
| Igbo calendar | 660–661 |
| Iranian calendar | 1038–1039 |
| Islamic calendar | 1070–1071 |
| Japanese calendar | Manji 3 (万治３年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1582–1583 |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 10 days |
| Korean calendar | 3993 |
| Minguo calendar | 252 before ROC 民前252年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | 192 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2202–2203 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴土猪年 (female Earth-Pig) 1786 or 1405 or 633 — to — 阳金鼠年 (male Iron-Rat) 1787 or 1406 or 634 |
Year 1660 (MDCLX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Sunday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar.
Events
January–June
- January 1
- Colonel George Monck with his regiment crosses from Scotland to England at the village of Coldstream and begins his advance towards London in support of the English Restoration.[1]
- Samuel Pepys begins his diary.[2]
- February 3 – George Monck and his regiment arrive in London.[3]
- February 13 – Charles XI becomes king of Sweden at the age of five upon the death of his father, Charles X Gustavus.
- February 27 – John Thurloe is reinstated as England's Secretary of State, having been deprived of his offices late in the previous year.
- March 16 – The Long Parliament disbands.
- April 4 – The Declaration of Breda promises amnesty, freedom of conscience, and army back pay, in return for support for the English Restoration.[3]
- April 23/May 3 – Treaty of Oliva: peace made between Swedish Empire, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Habsburgs and Brandenburg-Prussia.
- May 8 – The Parliament of England declares Prince Charles Stuart, King Charles II of England.
- May 15 – John Thurloe is arrested for high treason for his support of Oliver Cromwell's regime.
- May 25 – Charles II of England lands at Dover.[4]
- May 27 – The Treaty of Copenhagen is signed, marking the conclusion of the Second Northern War. Sweden returns Trøndelag to Norway and Bornholm to Denmark.
- May 29 – King Charles II of England arrives in London and assumes the throne, marking the beginning of the English Restoration.[3]
- June 29 – John Thurloe is released from custody.
July–December
- August 19 – Dr Edward Stanley preaches a sermon in the nave of Winchester Cathedral to commemorate the return of the Chapter following the English Restoration.
- September 25 – Samuel Pepys has his first cup of tea (an event recorded in his diary).[2]
- October 17 – The ten regicides who signed the death warrant of Charles I of England are hanged, drawn and quartered, a process which includes their being disemboweled and their bowels burned before their eyes.
- November 28 – At Gresham College in London, twelve men, including Christopher Wren, Robert Boyle, John Wilkins, and Sir Robert Moray meet after a lecture by Wren and decide to found "a College for the Promoting of Physico-Mathematicall Experimentall Learning" (later known as the Royal Society).
- December – Andres Malong, a native chieftain of Pangasinan, Philippines, leads a revolt against the Spanish regime.
- December 8 – First actress to appear on the professional stage in England in a non-singing rôle, as Desdemona in Othello, following reopening of the theatres; variously considered to be Margaret Hughes, Anne Marshall or Katherine Corey.[5][6][7]
Date unknown
- Blaise Pascal's Lettres provinciales, a defense of the Jansenist Antoine Arnauld, is ordered to be shredded and burned by King Louis XIV of France.
- The expulsion of the Carib indigenous people from Martinique is carried out by French occupying forces.
- Hopkins School is founded.
- The Rigsraad (High Council) of Denmark is abolished[8] and Denmark–Norway becomes an absolute monarchy with the Kingdom of Denmark as a hereditary monarchy.
- A permanent standing army is established in Prussia.
Births
- January 2 – Francis Hutchinson, Irish bishop (d. 1739)
- January 14 – Joseph Boyse, Presbyterian minister (d. 1728)
- January 27 – Felice Cignani, Italian painter (d. 1724)
- January – Hippolyte Hélyot, French historian (d. 1716)
- February 13 – Johann Kusser, German composer (d. 1727)
- February 19 – Friedrich Hoffmann, German physician and chemist (d. 1742)
- February 20 – Leonhard Dientzenhofer, German architect (d. 1707)
- February 24 – John Murray, 1st Duke of Atholl (d. 1724)
- March 5 – George Stanhope, Dean of Canterbury (d. 1728)
- March 9 – Franz Joseph Feuchtmayer, German sculptor (d. 1718)
- March 12 – Zofia Czarnkowska Opalińska, Mother-in-law of King Stanislaus I of Poland (d. 1701)
- March 15 – Olof Rudbeck the Younger, Swedish scientist and explorer (d. 1740)
- March 24 – Filippo Antonio Gualterio, Catholic cardinal (d. 1724)
- March 25 – Samuel Crellius, Arian philosopher and theologian (d. 1747)
- March 28 – Arnold Houbraken, Dutch painter (d. 1719)
- April 6 – Johann Kuhnau, German composer, organist and harpsichordist (d. 1722)
- April 16 – Hans Sloane, British physician (d. 1753)
- April 19 – Sebastián Durón, Spanish composer (d. 1716)
- April 24 – Cornelis Dusart, Dutch painter (d. 1704)
- May 2 – Alessandro Scarlatti, Italian composer (d. 1725)
- May 5 – David Leslie, 3rd Earl of Leven, British politician (d. 1728)
- May 20 – Andreas Schlüter, German sculptor (d. 1714)
- May 28 – King George I of Great Britain (d. 1727)
- May 29 – Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough, English friend of Anne, Queen of Great Britain (d. 1744)
- June 3 – Johannes Schenck, Dutch musician and composer (d. 1712)
- June 5 – Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough, British aristocrat (d. 1744)
- June 17 – Jan van Mieris, Dutch painter (d. 1690)
- July 24 – Charles Talbot, 1st Duke of Shrewsbury, English politician (d. 1718)
- July 27 – Johann Patkul, Livonian nobleman, politician (d. 1707)
- August 2 – Luis Francisco de la Cerda (d. 1711)
- August 11 – Henrietta Wentworth, 6th Baroness Wentworth, British Baroness (d. 1686)
- August 17 – Sir Richard Bulkeley, 2nd Baronet (d. 1710)
- August 21
- Hubert Gautier, French engineer (d. 1737)
- Robert Wroth, British politician (d. 1720)
- August 27 – Claude-François Fraguier, churchman (d. 1728)
- September 2 – Louis Chéron, French painter (d. 1725)
- September 25 – Willem Verschuring, Dutch painter (d. 1726)
- September 26 – George William, Duke of Liegnitz (d. 1675)
- September – Daniel Defoe, English writer (d. 1731)
- October 20 – Robert Bertie, 1st Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven, English statesman (d.1723)
- October 21 – Georg Ernst Stahl, German physician and chemist (d. 1734)
- October 22 – Charles Stuart, Duke of Cambridge (d. 1661)
- October 30
- Albrecht Konrad Finck von Finckenstein, German general (d. 1735)
- Ernest August, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg (d. 1731)
- November 4
- Albert Angell, Norwegian civil servant (d. 1705)
- Samuel Russell, Minister of Branford, Yale co-founder (d. 1731)
- November 7 – Ferdinand Johann Adam von Pernau, Ornithologist (d. 1731)
- November 11 – Francesco Maria de' Medici, Duke of Rovere and Montefeltro, Catholic cardinal (d. 1711)
- November 15 – Hermann von der Hardt, German historian (d. 1746)
- November 20 – Daniel Ernst Jablonski, Czech bishop (d. 1741)
- November 22 – Franz Karl of Auersperg, Prince of Auersperg, Duke of Münsterberg (1705-1713) (d. 1713)
- November 28 – Duchess Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria (d. 1690)
- November 30 – Victor-Marie d'Estrées (d. 1737)
- December 4 – André Campra, French composer (d. 1744)
- December 18 – Countess Johanna Magdalene of Hanau-Lichtenberg, German countess (d. 1715)
- December 25 – Charles Somerset, Marquess of Worcester, English politician (d. 1698)
- December 26 – Peter Schenk the Elder, German engraver and cartographer (d. 1711)
- December 27 – Veronica Giuliani, Capuchin mystic (d. 1727)
- date unknown
- Ch'en Shu, Chinese painter (d. 1736)
- Johann Joseph Fux, Austrian composer (d. 1741)
Deaths
- February 2
- Govert Flinck, Dutch painter (b. 1615)
- Gaston, Duke of Orléans, French politician (b. 1608)
- February 6 – Martin de Redin, 58th Grandmaster of the Knights Hospitaller (b. 1579)
- February 13 – King Charles X Gustav of Sweden (b. 1622)
- March – Philip Skippon, English soldier
- April 25 – Henry Hammond, English churchman (b. 1605)
- April 30 – Petrus Scriverius, Dutch writer (b. 1576)
- May 29 – Frans van Schooten, Dutch mathematician (b. 1615)
- June 1 – Mary Dyer, English Quaker (hanged) (b. c. 1611)
- June 2 – Annet de Clermont-Gessant, 59th Grandmaster of the Knights Hospitaller (b. 1587)
- June 7 – George II Rákóczi, Transylvanian ruler (b. 1621)
- June 30 – William Oughtred, English mathematician (b. 1575)
- August 6 – Diego Velázquez, Spanish painter (b. 1599)
- September 12 – Jacob Cats, Dutch poet, jurist and politician (b. 1577)
- September 27 – Vincent de Paul, French saint (b. 1580)
- October 4 – Francesco Albani, Italian painter (b. 1578)
- October 6 – Paul Scarron, French writer (b. 1610)
- October 14 – Thomas Harrison, British soldier (b. 1606)
- October 17 – Adrian Scrope, English regicide (b. 1601)
- November 5
- Lucy Hay, Countess of Carlisle, English socialite (b. 1599)
- Alexandre de Rhodes, French Jesuit missionary (b. 1591)
- December 1 – Pierre d'Hozier, French historian (b. 1592)
- December 22 – André Tacquet, Belgian mathematician (b. 1612)
References
- ^ "January 1". Chambers' Book of Days. Archived from the original on December 17, 2007. Retrieved December 9, 2007.
- ^ a b Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
- ^ a b c Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 187–188. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ "Friday 25 May 1660". The Diary of Samuel Pepys. Retrieved August 24, 2011.
- ^ The Hutchinson Factfinder. Helicon. 1999. ISBN 1-85986-000-1.
- ^ Howe, Elizabeth (1992). The First English Actresses: Women and Drama, 1660–1700. Cambridge University Press. p. 24.
- ^ Gilder, Rosamond (1931). Enter the Actress: The First Women in the Theatre. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. p. 166.
- ^ Krig og Enevælde: 1648–1746