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In computational complexity theory, a problem is NP-complete when: It is a decision problem, meaning that for any input to the problem, the output is either...

In abstract algebra, the symmetric group defined over any set is the group whose elements are all the bijections from the set to itself, and whose group...

In mathematics, a quadratic polynomial is a polynomial of degree two in one or more variables. A quadratic function is the polynomial function defined...

In mathematics, a fixed point (sometimes shortened to fixpoint), also known as an invariant point, is a value that does not change under a given transformation...

Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev (Russian: Пафну́тий Льво́вич Чебышёв, IPA: [pɐfˈnutʲɪj ˈlʲvovʲɪtɕ tɕɪbɨˈʂof]) (16 May [O.S. 4 May] 1821 – 8 December [O.S. 26...

A cypherpunk is any individual advocating widespread use of strong cryptography and privacy-enhancing technologies as a route to social and political change...

Equihash is a memory-hard Proof-of-work algorithm introduced by the University of Luxembourg's Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust...

Catoptrics (from Greek: κατοπτρικός katoptrikós, "specular", from Greek: κάτοπτρον katoptron "mirror") deals with the phenomena of reflected light and...

In mathematics, an operad is a structure that consists of abstract operations, each one having a fixed finite number of inputs (arguments) and one output...

Abraham Robinson's theory of nonstandard analysis has been applied in a number of fields. "Radically elementary probability theory" of Edward Nelson combines...

Sourav Chatterjee FRS (born November 1979) is an Indian Bengali mathematician from West Bengal, specializing in mathematical statistics and probability...

In ring theory, a branch of mathematics, a radical of a ring is an ideal of "not-good" elements of the ring. The first example of a radical was the nilradical...

Dame Jilian Norma Matheson DCB FAcSS (born 27 March 1953) is the former National Statistician of the United Kingdom. Matheson joined the Office of Population...

Robustification is a form of optimisation whereby a system is made less sensitive to the effects of random variability, or noise, that is present in that...

Agnes Margaret Herzberg (born 1938) is a Canadian statistician who works as a professor of mathematics and statistics at Queen's University. She was president...